雨滴凝結之術--凝結核之雨滴形成過程研究 The Art of Raindrop Condensation —A Study of the Raindrop Formation Process Using Condensation Nuclei—
This study investigates the influence of different salt crystal nuclei (potassium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, and barium chloride) on water vapor condensation behavior. Reverse osmosis (RO) water was used as the control group. Samples were placed in environments of 40°C, 50°C, 60°C, 65°C, and 70°C for condensation observation, with microscopic photography used for documentation. The number of droplets and the proportion of condensed area were analyzed using ImageJ software, and the data were organized into tables and charts for comparison.
The results show that, under conditions with salt crystal nuclei, the number of water droplets was significantly higher than that in RO water, indicating that crystal nuclei promote water vapor condensation. However, the proportion of the condensed area on the two-dimensional Petri dish surface was larger in the RO water samples. Further analysis of the three-dimensional space and absolute humidity changes revealed that the presence of salt crystal nuclei reduced the water vapor content inside the beaker, suggesting that more vapor had condensed into small droplets. Some droplets, due to gravity, remained suspended within the three-dimensional space, leading to a relatively smaller condensation area on the two-dimensional surface.
This study demonstrates that different salt crystal nuclei enhance the efficiency of water vapor condensation and influence the spatial distribution of water droplets in both two- and three-dimensional spaces, providing valuable insights into the role of condensation nuclei in atmospheric science.